鴉
鸦科包括渡鸦、松鸦、乌鸦和喜鹊。
Corvids include ravens, jays, crows and magpies.
那么关于鸦科动物和黑猩猩的实验告诉了我们什么呢?
So what does the test tell us about corvids or chimpanzees?
研究人员猜测,这些乌鸦从父母和鸦群的其它成员那里学会了辨认有威胁的人类。
The researchers hypothesize that crows learn to recognize threatening humans from both parents and others in their flock.
因为鸦科动物有其他的认知技能,研究人员想看看它们是否也有镜像自我识别的能力。
Because corvids have these other cognitive skills, researchers wanted to see if they were also capable of mirror self-recognition.
鸦科动物和一些哺乳动物有未雨绸缪的能力,比如把食物储存在它们以后能找到的地方。
Corvids and some mammals have the ability to plan for the future, to store food for instance, in places where they can find it later.
克莱顿的实验要求松鸦根据一个独特的学习事件来记住所储存食物的类型、位置和新鲜程度。
Clayton's experiment required jays to remember the type, location, and freshness of stored food based on a unique learning event.
每当白嘴鸦丢下一根香烟或一小块垃圾的时候,人们就会用一个装了鸟食的小盒子来鼓励鸟儿们打扫公园。
The birds will be encouraged to clean the park through the use of a small box that delivers a small amount of bird food each time the rook deposits a cigaret and/or a small piece of rubbish.
克莱顿试图检验灌丛松鸦对“什么”、“何地”、“何时”的信息的准确记忆及其对这些信息的约束的证据。
Clayton sought to examine evidence of scrub jays' accurate memory of "what," "where," and "when" information and their binding of this information.
事实上,有研究表明,以偷别人食物而闻名的鸦科动物会隐藏自己的食物,正是因为它们把自己偷东西的倾向投射到其他鸦类身上。
It's been suggested in fact that jays, corvids known for stealing each other's food, may hide their food precisely because they are projecting their own tendency to steal onto other jays.
新西兰森林中最美妙的声音便是垂耳鸦纯净、银铃般的叫声。
One of the most beautiful sounds of the New Zealand forest is the clear, bell-like call of the Kokako.
曲终四顾无人听﹐三五归鸦自在飞。
When my song ends, I look round, finding no one’s listening; Only three or five returning crows are flying, so carefree.
鼠皮,鸦革,交叉棍杖
Rat’s coat, crowskin, crossed staves
薄暮时分,鸦群飞向光秃秃的橡树枝条上过夜。
In the gloaming, the crows flew in to gather for the night in a stand of bare oaks.
她想着那只老蓝鸦今天会不会再来这里。
She wondered if the old jay might be visiting again today.
说完三只蓝鸦飞走了。
Then the three jays flew away.
狼老被鸦欺。
When the Wolf grows old, the crows ride him.
说完三只蓝鸦飞走了。
Then the three says flew away.
直到19世纪,麻鸦曾在欧洲西部和中部很普遍。
The bittern was common in west and central Europe until the 19th century.
“我们察看到任何地方都被涂了鸦,而且到处都是,”他说。
"We are seeing tagging anywhere and everywhere," he said.
麻鸦依然面临着威胁,包括海平面升高会导致海水涌入沿岸的淡水。
The bittern still faces threats, including sea level rise, where freshwater sites along the coast could be inundated by saltwater.
最小的蓝鸦接着说:“上山的路是艰难的,下山的路要容易得多。”
The smallest jay said: "On the way up, this will be difficult. But on the way back, it will be easy."
但是蓝鸦没说在哪能找到诺恩女神和金苹果,晚上也没有休息的地方。
But the bluejays had said nothing about exactly where to find the Norn-Spinner and the apples, much less shelter for the night.
由于冠蓝鸦的颜色与周围的一切人和物一致,人们对它的兴趣开始减退。
And because the Blue Jay was a color like everybody and everything else people began to lose interest.
另一则对麻鸦和麻鸦爱好者而言的好消息就是鸟儿的栖息范围正在延伸。
The other good news for bitterns and their fans is that the bird's range seems to be increasing.
他相貌平平:个头跟蓝松鸦差不多,深绿褐色的羽毛,头上有橙色的条纹。
He isn't much to look at: a blue jay-size fellow with plain, olive-drab feathers and a single streak of orange on his head.
但是,停车费的收入用于该区清除鸦涂和安装路灯,使该区的环境大有改善。
But when revenue was returned to the district in the form of graffiti removal and new light fixtures on the streets, business actually improved.
针对麻鸦展开的工作使它们有了大量的芦苇垫,所有的野生鸟兽也以此为优先。
Focused work on bitterns has led to great gains for reed-beds and all the wildlife associated with this priority habitat.
针对麻鸦展开的工作使它们有了大量的芦苇垫,所有的野生鸟兽也以此为优先。
Focused work on bitterns has led to great gains for reed-beds and all the wildlife associated with this priority habitat.